A shakedown limit calculation method for geogrid reinforced soils under moving loads

A method to calculate the elastic shakedown limit of transportation systems (e.g. pavements and railways) supported by geogrid reinforced soils is presented. For first time, lower-bound theory combined with a strength-based simulation approach, resulting in rapid quantify benefit geogrids on limit. It allows decoupling stress generation calculations, meaning it straightforward implement, requires minimal computational effort. Therefore presents useful tool optimise design for structures such as highway railways. To show capability method, limits are calculated variety configurations using stresses induced moving Hertz load. The effect depth, soil cohesion, friction angle loading type (normal versus tangential) investigated non-reinforced soils. found that optimum depth sensitive strength properties. Regarding loading, shown highly tangential loads, shallower effective, while loads component, deeper effective. • new presented analyse soil. Method combines analysis approach. Useful railway structures. Allows optimising different Shown angle, cohesion performance.